[Lipoti lofotokoza za Global Times] “njira ya ku United States ndiyo ‘mphamvu ya sayansi ndi luso lamakono’.”Ponena za pempho la boma la US loti makampani awiri opanga zida za chip ku US asiye kutumiza tchipisi tapamwamba kwambiri ku China, mneneri wa Unduna wa Zakunja ku China a Wang Wenbin adati pa Seputembala 1 kuti "China ikutsutsa izi."Mitengo yamitengo ya NVIDIA ndi AMD, yomwe idakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi zoletsa zatsopano za US, idagwa poyankha.Pa Ogasiti 31, adatsika ndi 6.6% ndi 3.7% motsatana.NVIDIA idati kugulitsa kwake kwa $ 400 miliyoni mgawoli kumatha kusanduka nthunzi.Tsopano, kugwira ntchito kwa opanga chip aku America kuli munthawi yovuta.Monga a Shu jueting, wolankhulira Unduna wa Zamalonda ku China, adati, njira yaku US ikhudzanso chidwi cha mabizinesi athu.Kwa nthawi ndithu, United States yakhazikitsa njira zopondereza chitukuko chamakampani aku China.Pazoletsa zaposachedwa, a Reuters amakhulupirira kuti "zikuwonetsa kukweza kwakukulu kwa kuukira kwa United States paukadaulo waku China".Katswiri wina wapanyumba yemwe adafunsidwa ndi nthawi yapadziko lonse lapansi pa 1st adanena kuti mbali imodzi, tiyenera kukhala tcheru kuti United States ipitiliza kumenya "nkhonya zophatikizika" motsutsana ndi mafakitale aku China, koma mbali inayo, kugulitsa kunja kwa US. kuletsa ndi mwayi kulimbikitsa chitukuko china cha unyolo zoweta Chip makampani unyolo, amene ali osakwanira mogwirizana pakati kumtunda ndi kunsi kwa mtsinje.
NVIDIA idakhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo idati ikulumikizana ndi makasitomala aku China
Malinga ndi tsamba la CNBC la United States linanena pa Seputembara 1, mu chikalata chomwe chinaperekedwa ku US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), NVIDIA idati idalandira pempho latsopano lachilolezo kuchokera ku boma la US pa Ogasiti 26 kuti atumize mtsogolo. chips kupita ku China (kuphatikiza Hong Kong).Izi akuti zimathetsa chiwopsezo chazinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kapena kutembenuzidwa ku China "kugwiritsa ntchito zankhondo" kapena "ogwiritsa ntchito ankhondo".
Pa Ogasiti 31, nyuzipepala ya New York Times idalemba mawu a NVIDIA akunena kuti njira zatsopanozi zikhudza zomwe kampaniyo ipanga A100 komanso zomwe H100 zikuyembekezeka kukhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino.NVIDIA imakhulupirira kuti malamulo a boma la US akhoza kuwononga mphamvu yake yomaliza kupanga H100 panthawi yake kapena kuthandizira makasitomala omwe alipo a A100.Akuti lamuloli likugwiranso ntchito ku Russia, koma NVIDIA sikugulitsa zinthu ku Russia pakadali pano.
Mneneri wa AMD adauza a Reuters kuti kampaniyo yalandiranso pempho latsopano kuchokera kuboma, zomwe zipangitsa kuti asiye kugulitsa tchipisi tami250 ku China.Amd amakhulupirira kuti chip cha mi100 sichiyenera kukhudzidwa.
Reuters inanena kuti dipatimenti ya Zamalonda ku US siulula zomwe idakhazikitsa potumiza tchipisi ta AI kupita ku China, koma idati dipatimentiyi ikuwunikanso mfundo ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi China kuti aletse "matekinoloje apamwamba kuti asagwere m'manja mwa osayenera. anthu”.
Ponena za njira zatsopano zomwe United States idachita, Mneneri wa Unduna wa Zachuma ku China, Wang Wenbin, adati pa Seputembara 1 kuti United States idachita ndale, kugwiritsa ntchito zida komanso zida za sayansi, ukadaulo ndi zachuma ndi zamalonda, zomwe zikuchita "kutsekereza kwaukadaulo" komanso "kuchepetsa ukadaulo. ”, mopanda phindu anayesa kulamulira sayansi ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi, kuteteza mphamvu zake zasayansi ndiukadaulo, ndikusokoneza mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa mafakitale ndi zoperekera zinthu, zomwe sizingalephereke.
"Mbali ya US iyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo zochita zake zolakwika, kuchitira mabizinesi amayiko onse mwachilungamo, kuphatikiza mabizinesi aku China, ndikuchita zambiri kuti zithandizire kukhazikika kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi."Tsiku lomwelo, a Shu jueting, mneneri wa Unduna wa Zamalonda ku China, adayankhanso pankhaniyi.
Monga Shu jueting adanena, njira ya US sichidzangowononga ufulu wovomerezeka ndi zofuna za mabizinesi aku China, komanso idzakhudza kwambiri zofuna zamakampani aku America.The Wall Street Journal inanena pa Seputembara 1 kuti NVIDIA ndiye wopanga zida zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ku United States, ndipo amalamulira msika pankhani ya tchipisi tanzeru.Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo latsopano ku Washington kumabwera panthawi yovuta kwa opanga chip.Chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwakukulu komanso kutsika kwachuma kwachuma, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa anthu kwatsitsidwa, ndipo kufunikira kwa makompyuta, masewera a kanema, mafoni a m'manja ndi zida zina zamagetsi kwatsika.
NVIDIA inanena m'mawu ake kuti ikulumikizana ndi makasitomala aku China kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina za kampaniyo kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna kapena kugula mtsogolo.Kampaniyo ikukonzekera kufunsira ku boma la US kuti asaloledwe kutumiza kunja, koma "palibe chitsimikizo" kuti ivomerezedwa.CNBC idati ngati mabizinesi aku China asankha kusagula zinthu zina zoperekedwa ndi NVIDIA, omalizawo adzataya $ 400 miliyoni pakugulitsa kotalali.NVIDIA sabata yatha idaneneratu kuti malonda mu gawo lachitatu la chaka chino atsika ndi 17% pachaka mpaka $ 5.9 biliyoni.Malinga ndi lipoti la zachuma lomwe linatulutsidwa ndi kampaniyo, ndalama zake zonse m'chaka chapitacho zinali madola 26,91 biliyoni a US, ndipo ndalama zake ku China (kuphatikizapo Hong Kong) zinali madola 7.11 biliyoni a US, zomwe zimawerengera 26,4%.
Malinga ndi Wall Street Journal, NVIDIA imakhulupirira kuti ngakhale boma la US litavomereza kuti anthu asatuluke kunja, ochita nawo mpikisano angapindule nawo, monga ogulitsa ma semiconductor ochokera ku China, Israel ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya, chifukwa "njira yopereka zilolezo idzapangitsa kuti malonda athu ndi kuthandizira zitheke. zovuta komanso zosatsimikizika, ndikulimbikitsa makasitomala aku China kuti apeze njira zina ”.Amd akukhulupirira kuti malamulo atsopanowa sadzakhala ndi vuto lalikulu pabizinesi yake.
Kusuntha kwatsopano kumeneku kwa Washington kwakopanso chidwi cha atolankhani pachilumbachi.NVIDIA ndi AMD ndi makasitomala 10 apamwamba kwambiri a TSMC, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 10% ya ndalama zake.Ngati kutumiza kwawo kwa chip kutsika, kukhudzanso magwiridwe antchito a TSMC, Zhongshi News yaku Taiwan idanenanso pa 1st.Malinga ndi lipotilo, zomwe zidakhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa masheya aku US komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwadzidzidzi kwa zoletsa zogulitsa kunja kwa tchipisi tanzeru zaku US ku United States, masheya aku Taiwan adatsegula otsika ndikugwa pa 1st.Pomaliza, "adagwa" ndi pafupifupi 300 mfundo, ndipo mtengo wagawo wa TSMC unatsika pansi pa NT $ 500 pakugulitsa koyambirira.
Kukhazikitsa "ntchito" ya tchipisi totumizidwa ku China?
Woyang'anira mafakitale omwe adafunsidwa ndi Wall Street Journal adasanthula kuti chiletsochi sichimangokhudza NVIDIA ndi AMD, komanso chimakhazikitsa "chiwopsezo" cha tchipisi china chapamwamba chomwe chimakhudzana ndi makompyuta opangira nzeru kuti atumizidwe ku China.Malinga ndi a Reuters, zoletsa zatsopano zotumizira tchipisi "zikuwonetsa kukweza kwakukulu kwa kuukira kwa US paukadaulo waku China".
Nyuzipepala ya New York Times imakhulupirira kuti njira zatsopano zotsutsana ndi China ndi Russia ndizo zomwe boma la US likuyesera kuti ligwiritse ntchito ma semiconductors ngati chida cholepheretsa ochita nawo mpikisano kuti apite patsogolo pamakompyuta apamwamba, nzeru zopangira ndi zina.Kuletsa kutumiza kunja ndi gawo la zoyesayesa za United States ndi China kupikisana paudindo wotsogola waukadaulo wapamwamba.
Akuti A100, H100 ndi mi250 chips onse ndi GPU (graphics processor) mankhwala.M'munda wa akatswiri, GPU ndi gwero lofunikira la mphamvu zamakompyuta m'magawo a data, makompyuta ochita bwino kwambiri komanso luntha lochita kupanga.Reuters inanena kuti ngati tchipisi tapamwamba zamabizinesi aku America monga NVIDIA ndi AMD sizipezeka, kuthekera kwa mabizinesi aku China kuchita ntchito zapamwamba monga kuzindikirika kwa zithunzi ndi mawu kudzafooka.Kuzindikira zithunzi ndi kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe ndizofala pama foni anzeru, monga kuyankha mafunso a ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuyika chizindikiro zithunzi.Ntchitozi zilinso ndi ntchito zankhondo, monga kusaka zithunzi za satellite zomwe zili ndi zida kapena zida zankhondo, ndikusefa zolumikizirana zama digito kuti zitha kusonkhanitsa nzeru.
Ndi mwayi kwa China
Malinga ndi Wall Street Journal, zakhala zofala kuti United States ikhazikitse ziletso pazamalonda ndi China komanso kutumiza tchipisi kunja.M'katikati mwa Ogasiti, United States idalengeza kuwongolera kutumiza kunja pamatekinoloje anayi, kuphatikiza zida zamapulogalamu za EDA.Chip ndi Science Act ya 2022 yomwe idasainidwa ndi Purezidenti wa US Biden pa Ogasiti 9 imati mabizinesi omwe amalandira thandizo la federal sangathe kukulitsa kupanga tchipisi "zotsogola" ku China (nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza tchipisi tochepera 28nm).Kuphatikiza apo, atolankhani aku America adawulula kumapeto kwa Julayi kuti makampani awiri a zida za chip ku United States adatsimikizira kuti Washington idawapempha kuti asapereke zida zopangira tchipisi ta 14 nm ndi pansi ku China.
Gu Wenjun, katswiri wofufuza za SMIC consulting, adauza dziko lonse lapansi pa 1 kuti poyambitsa ndondomeko zoletsa, United States ikufuna kupondereza chitukuko cha mgwirizano wapamwamba wa China pa sayansi ndi zamakono.Poyambirira, idavomereza Huawei ndi ZTE mu gawo la terminal, ndipo pambuyo pake idayang'ana Hisilicon pantchito yopanga chip ndi SMIC pantchito yopanga chip.Gu Wenjun adanena kuti posachedwa, United States ikuyembekeza "kusokoneza" ndi "kuswa unyolo" China mu gawo lapamwamba la tchipisi.Pakati pa nthawi yayitali, United States ikuyembekeza kuti iye ndi ogwirizana nawo sadzadaliranso kwambiri msika wa China ndikuchepetsa kusinthanitsa zinthu zopanga ndi China.
"Kuletsa kwa chip ku US sikungalepheretse kupita patsogolo kwamakampani aku China a semiconductor."Bungwe la nyuzipepala ya ku Russia linagwira mawu akatswiri kuti mu makampani amakono a semiconductor, kuphatikizapo China, teknoloji ya 28nm ikadali maziko a opanga ambiri kuti asunge phindu ndi kutenga nawo mbali pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha luso lamakono la semiconductor.Ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wa chip ndiwothandiza kwambiri, koma umakhalabe ndi gawo lochepa lamakampani onse a semiconductor.Zokhudza ngati njira zoletsa zaku US zitha kukhala ndi vuto kwa nthawi yayitali ku China, zimatengera kutukuka kwa kupanga ndi kapangidwe kamakampani omaliza a semiconductor.Pazaka 10 mpaka 20, chitukuko cha makampani chiyenera kusintha ndipo matekinoloje atsopano angawonekere.
"Kuchokera kumalingaliro ena, kuletsa kugulitsa kunja kwa United States ndi mwayi kwamakampani opanga tchipisi apanyumba.M'mbuyomu, panalibe kulumikizana kosakwanira pakati pa mabizinesi akumtunda ndi akutsika pamakina apanyumba a chips, koma mtsogolomu, tilimbikitsanso kulowetsa m'malo mwanyumba. "Han Xiaomin, manejala wamkulu wa Jiwei Consulting, adauza dziko lonse lapansi kuti mabizinesi apakhomo akuyenera kukhazikika pamsika wapakhomo, pang'onopang'ono akhazikitse dongosolo lathunthu lamakampani a chip, ndikuwongolera kuthekera kwamakampani odana ndi chiwopsezo, kupikisana komanso kukopa padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-02-2022